Fundamentals in
Critical Hepatology

The admission requirements for the postgraduate course are as follows:

In recent years, hepatology has undergone significant development, encompassing the specific management of various pathologies such as acute-on-chronic liver failure, acute liver failure, and gastrointestinal bleeding from esophageal varices. The evolution of intensive care, driven by the advanced use of technology and emerging scientific evidence, has underscored the need for specialized training to manage these pathologies, especially in Critical or Semi-Critical Care Units.

The course thoroughly addresses all aspects related to the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, monitoring, therapeutic interventions, and follow-up in the various pathologies that can affect a critically ill liver patient.

1. Management of severe acute liver failure.
2. Comprehensive approach and advanced treatments for patients with severe acute liver failure.
3. Management of cirrhosis complications:
   1. – Gastrointestinal bleeding from varices: Control techniques and variceal bleeding management.
   2. – Hepatorenal syndrome: Diagnosis and therapeutic management.
   3. – Refractory ascites: Strategies for managing ascites that does not respond to conventional treatments.
   4. – Hepatic encephalopathy: Diagnosis and management of encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis.
   5. – Bacterial infections in cirrhosis and septic shock: Approach and management of infections and sepsis in cirrhotic patients.
4. Management of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF)
5. Approaches and treatments for managing acute liver failure on chronic liver disease.
   1. - Liver transplantation management.
   2. – Immediate postoperative period: Intensive care and monitoring in the early postoperative phases.
   3. – Immunosuppression in transplantation: Strategies and management of immunosuppressive therapy.
   4. – Infections in transplantation: Prophylaxis and treatment of infections in transplanted patients.
   5. – Coagulation in the immediate postoperative period: Management of coagulation in the early post-transplant phases.
   6. – Vascular complications: Diagnosis and treatment of post-transplant vascular complications.
6. Non-invasive and invasive hemodynamic monitoring.
7. Non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation.
8. Liver support systems.
9. Renal support techniques.
10. Management of gastrointestinal bleeding not due to portal hypertension:
11. Self-expanding esophageal metal stents

Follow-up and evaluation systems: